野外急救多功能气道防护屏的研制

研制一种适合野外急救使用的多功能气道防护屏,以解决气道相关操作时患者呼吸道分泌物喷溅的问题。多功能气道防护屏由一个底部为直角"目"型框架,两个体部为直角"∏"形不锈钢支架,一个双层开放气道体位调节垫和一个透明塑料罩组成,具有可拆卸、可折叠及视野清晰的多功能呼吸道防护装备;防护屏设计具有可调节头颈后仰卧位,能充分显露气道提高气管插管成功率,可提高医护人员安全性和满意度;在防护屏内建立人工气道、实施各种气道护理,可防止患者呼吸道分泌物喷溅,使周围环境处于相对安全状态,有效避免职业暴露及交叉感染。     

2022年北京冬奥会定点医院医疗卫生保障实践

2022年北京冬奥会是全球瞩目的盛事，如何有效提升延庆赛区定点医院医疗卫生保障能力是冬奥会筹办过程中需要解决的重大课题。文章系统总结延庆赛区冬奥定点医院医疗保障特点、主要做法和经验，旨在为今后大型赛事定点医院的医疗保障提供参考。     

The Impact of Patient Access to Their Electronic Health Record on Medication Management Safety: A Narrative Review

IntroductionAs the American’s Federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) stated that patients should be allowed to review their medical records, and as information technology is ever more widely used by healthcare professionals and patients, providing patients with online access to their own medical records through a patient portal is becoming increasingly popular. Previous research has been done regarding the impact on the quality and safety of patients’ care, rather than explicitly on medication safety, when providing those patients with access to their electronic health records (EHRs).AimThis narrative review aims to summarise the results from previous studies on the impact on medication management safety concepts of adult patients accessing information contained in their own EHRs.ResultA total of 24 studies were included in this review. The most two commonly studied measures of safety in medication management were: (a) medication adherence and (b) patient-reported experience. Other measures, such as: discrepancies, medication errors, appropriateness and Adverse Drug Events (ADEs) were the least studied.ConclusionThe results suggest that providing patients with access to their EHRs can improve medication management safety. Patients pointed out improvements to the safety of their medications and perceived stronger medication control. The data from these studies lay the foundation for future research.     

The Current Pediatric Surgery Job Market: A Perspective of Recent Fellowship Graduates

PurposeThis study describes the job market from the perspective of recent pediatric surgery graduates.MethodsAn anonymous survey was circulated to the 137 pediatric surgeons who graduated from fellowships 2019–2021.ResultsThe survey response rate was 49%. The majority of respondents were women (52%), Caucasian (72%), and had a median student debt burden of $225,000. Considering job opportunities, respondents strongly emphasized camaraderie (93%), mentorship (93%), case mix (85%), geography (67%), faculty reputation (62%), spousal employment (57%), compensation (51%), and call frequency (45%). 30% were satisfied with the employment opportunities available, and 21% felt strongly prepared to negotiate for their first job. All respondents were able to secure a job. Most jobs were university-based (70%) or hospital employed (18%) positions where surgeons covered median of two hospitals. 49% wanted protected research time, and 12% of respondents were able to secure substantial, protected research time. The median compensation for university-based jobs was $12,583 below the median AAMC benchmark for assistant professors for the corresponding year of graduation.ConclusionThese data highlight the ongoing need for assessment of the pediatric surgery workforce and for professional societies and training programs to further assist graduating fellows in preparing to negotiate their first job.Type of studySurveyLevel of EvidenceLevel V.     

北京市精神卫生医务人员对严重精神障碍发病报告制度的认知研究

背景 严重精神障碍发病报告制度作为精神卫生监测的重要一环已运行实施多年，实施效果需要进一步探知。 目的 分析北京市三类精神卫生医务人员对严重精神障碍发病报告制度重要性、主要作用、实施效果、存在问题及完善措施的认知，为促进该制度的完善提供建议。 方法 2019年3—6月，采用方便抽样方法选择234例市级精神专科医院医务人员，采用分层抽样方法选择183例区级精神专科医院医务人员，采用分层抽样方法选择214例社区精神卫生防治医务人员作为研究对象，采用"北京市精神卫生法治状况调查问卷"进行问卷调查，问卷主要内容包括医务人员基本信息及对严重精神障碍发病报告制度的认知。 结果 对于制度重要性，56.3%（103/183）的区级精神专科医院和54.7%（117/214）的社区精神卫生防治医务人员认为其"非常重要"，66.7%（156/234）的市级精神专科医院医务人员认为其"比较重要"。对于主要作用，76.9%（180/234）的市级精神专科医院医务人员和82.7%（177/214）的社区精神卫生防治医务人员认为该制度主要作用为"风险预警"，80.9%（148/183）的区级精神专科医院医务人员认为该制度主要作用为"社区管理"。对于实施效果，44.4%（104/234）的市级精神专科医院医务人员、50.3%（92/183）的区级精神专科医院医务人员和50.9%（109/214）的社区精神卫生防治医务人员认为严重精神障碍发病报告制度实施效果比较好。对于存在问题，77.8%（182/234）的市级精神专科医院医务人员、78.1%（143/183）的区级精神专科医院医务人员和83.2%（178/214）的社区精神卫生防治医务人员认为该制度主要存在的问题为"报告涉及患者隐私信息的收集"。对于完善措施，73.5%（172/234）的市级精神专科医院医务人员和76.6%（164/214）的社区精神卫生防治医务人员认为严重精神障碍发病报告制度完善措施为"规范信息录入、登记、更正、汇总制度"，68.9%（126/183）的区级精神专科医院医务人员认为制度完善措施为"规范信息共享及对患者隐私保护的制度"。 结论 三类医务人员对严重精神障碍发病报告制度的作用及实施效果表示肯定，为实现风险防控与隐私保护并重，兼顾患者管理与服务，应当对该制度予以完善，包括：在法律层面细化相关规定；对患者坚持服务保障与管理并重，完善精神卫生服务体系，落实基本与重大公共卫生服务项目；增加政策宣传力度，提高患者及家属对该制度的认可度。     

“人工智能+X”背景下医学信息管理专业研究生培养模式

阐述当前“人工智能+X”背景下市场对医学信息管理专业人才能力的需求，分析医学信息管理专业人才培养现状，提出从重塑学科人才培养目标、优化课程内容与课程设置、建设“双师型”导师队伍、搭建多方协同共建共享在线平台及设立“政用产学研”联合培养基地等方面探索医学信息管理专业研究生培养模式，以期培养适应人工智能时代发展，具备学科优势特色的高层次、高水平、高质量的复合型、应用型、创新型人才。